Implement axis targets, axis -> button and axis -> relative axis mappings. (#1)

Co-authored-by: Anna Rose Wiggins <annabunches@gmail.com>
Co-committed-by: Anna Rose Wiggins <annabunches@gmail.com>

cmd/joyful/main.go

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	timerCount := 0
 	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if timedRule, ok := rule.(*mappingrules.MappingRuleAxisToButton); ok {
+		if timedRule, ok := rule.(mappingrules.TimedEventEmitter); ok {
 			go timerWatcher(timedRule, eventChannel)
 			timerCount++
 		}
@@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ func main() {
 		case ChannelEventInput:
 			switch channelEvent.Event.Type {
 			case evdev.EV_SYN:
-				// We've received a SYN_REPORT, so now we send all of our pending events
+				// We've received a SYN_REPORT, so now we send all pending events; since SYN_REPORTs
+				// might come from multiple input devices, we'll always flush, just to be sure.
 				for _, buffer := range vBuffersByName {
 					buffer.SendEvents()
 				}
@@ -114,6 +115,8 @@ func main() {
 		case ChannelEventTimer:
 			// Timer events give us the device and event to use directly
 			vBuffersByDevice[channelEvent.Device].AddEvent(channelEvent.Event)
+			// If we get a timer event, flush the output device buffer immediately
+			vBuffersByDevice[channelEvent.Device].SendEvents()
 		}
 	}
 }

cmd/joyful/threads.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	TimerCheckIntervalMs  = 250
+	TimerCheckIntervalMs  = 1
 	DeviceCheckIntervalMs = 1
 )
 
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ func eventWatcher(device *evdev.InputDevice, channel chan<- ChannelEvent) {
 	}
 }
 
-func timerWatcher(rule *mappingrules.MappingRuleAxisToButton, channel chan<- ChannelEvent) {
+func timerWatcher(rule mappingrules.TimedEventEmitter, channel chan<- ChannelEvent) {
 	for {
 		event := rule.TimerEvent()
 		if event != nil {
 			channel <- ChannelEvent{
-				Device: rule.Output.Device,
+				Device: rule.GetOutputDevice(),
 				Event:  event,
 				Type:   ChannelEventTimer,
 			}

go.mod

@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ go 1.24.4
 require (
 	github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.18.0
 	github.com/holoplot/go-evdev v0.0.0-20240306072622-217e18f17db1
+	github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250620022241-b7579e27df2b
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -4,10 +4,16 @@ github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.18.0 h1:8W7wMFS12Pcas7KU+VVkaiCng+kG8QiFeFwzFb+rwuw=
 github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.18.0/go.mod h1:XBurs7gK8ATbW4ZPGKgcbrY1Br56PdM69F7LkFRi1kA=
 github.com/holoplot/go-evdev v0.0.0-20240306072622-217e18f17db1 h1:92OsBIf5KB1Tatx+uUGOhah73jyNUrt7DmfDRXXJ5Xo=
 github.com/holoplot/go-evdev v0.0.0-20240306072622-217e18f17db1/go.mod h1:iHAf8OIncO2gcQ8XOjS7CMJ2aPbX2Bs0wl5pZyanEqk=
+github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0 h1:Hyh9A8u51kptdkR+cqRpT1EebBwTn1oK9YfGYbdFz6I=
+github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0/go.mod h1:3mZlmanh0g2NDKO5TWZVJAfofYk64M7XN3SzBPjZF60=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
+github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 h1:xuMeJ0Sdp5ZMRXx/aWO6RZxdr3beISkG5/G/aIRr3pY=
+github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0 h1:Xv5erBjTwe/5IxqUQTdXv5kgmIvbHo3QQyRwhJsOfJA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250620022241-b7579e27df2b h1:M2rDM6z3Fhozi9O7NWsxAkg/yqS/lQJ6PmkyIV3YP+o=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250620022241-b7579e27df2b/go.mod h1:3//PLf8L/X+8b4vuAfHzxeRUl04Adcb341+IGKfnqS8=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=

internal/config/devices.go

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ func (parser *ConfigParser) CreateVirtualDevices() map[string]*evdev.InputDevice
 			map[evdev.EvType][]evdev.EvCode{
 				evdev.EV_KEY: makeButtons(int(deviceConfig.Buttons)),
 				evdev.EV_ABS: makeAxes(int(deviceConfig.Axes)),
+				evdev.EV_REL: makeRelativeAxes(deviceConfig.RelativeAxes),
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -116,3 +117,20 @@ func makeAxes(numAxes int) []evdev.EvCode {
 
 	return axes
 }
+
+func makeRelativeAxes(axes []string) []evdev.EvCode {
+	codes := make([]evdev.EvCode, 0)
+
+	for _, axis := range axes {
+		code, ok := evdev.RELFromString[axis]
+
+		if !ok {
+			logger.Logf("Relative axis '%s' invalid. Skipping.", axis)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		codes = append(codes, code)
+	}
+
+	return codes
+}

internal/config/make_rule_targets.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func makeRuleTargetButton(targetConfig RuleTargetConfig, devs map[string]*evdev.
 		device,
 		eventCode,
 		targetConfig.Inverted,
-	), nil
+	)
 }
 
 func makeRuleTargetAxis(targetConfig RuleTargetConfig, devs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice) (*mappingrules.RuleTargetAxis, error) {
@@ -43,8 +43,28 @@ func makeRuleTargetAxis(targetConfig RuleTargetConfig, devs map[string]*evdev.In
 		device,
 		eventCode,
 		targetConfig.Inverted,
-		0, 0, 0, // TODO: replace these with real values
-	), nil
+		targetConfig.DeadzoneStart,
+		targetConfig.DeadzoneEnd,
+	)
+}
+
+func makeRuleTargetRelaxis(targetConfig RuleTargetConfig, devs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice) (*mappingrules.RuleTargetRelaxis, error) {
+	device, ok := devs[targetConfig.Device]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("non-existent device '%s'", targetConfig.Device)
+	}
+
+	eventCode, ok := evdev.RELFromString[targetConfig.Axis]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid button code '%s'", targetConfig.Button)
+	}
+
+	return mappingrules.NewRuleTargetRelaxis(
+		targetConfig.Device,
+		device,
+		eventCode,
+		targetConfig.Inverted,
+	)
 }
 
 func makeRuleTargetModeSelect(targetConfig RuleTargetConfig, allModes []string) (*mappingrules.RuleTargetModeSelect, error) {

internal/config/make_rules.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package config
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -41,6 +40,8 @@ func (parser *ConfigParser) BuildRules(pDevs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice, vDev
 			newRule, err = makeMappingRuleAxis(ruleConfig, pDevs, vDevs, base)
 		case RuleTypeAxisToButton:
 			newRule, err = makeMappingRuleAxisToButton(ruleConfig, pDevs, vDevs, base)
+		case RuleTypeAxisToRelaxis:
+			newRule, err = makeMappingRuleAxisToRelaxis(ruleConfig, pDevs, vDevs, base)
 		case RuleTypeModeSelect:
 			newRule, err = makeMappingRuleModeSelect(ruleConfig, pDevs, modes, base)
 		default:
@@ -134,13 +135,44 @@ func makeMappingRuleAxis(ruleConfig RuleConfig,
 	return mappingrules.NewMappingRuleAxis(base, input, output), nil
 }
 
-// STUB
 func makeMappingRuleAxisToButton(ruleConfig RuleConfig,
 	pDevs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice,
 	vDevs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice,
 	base mappingrules.MappingRuleBase) (*mappingrules.MappingRuleAxisToButton, error) {
 
-	return nil, errors.New("stub: makeMappingRuleAxisToButton")
+	input, err := makeRuleTargetAxis(ruleConfig.Input, pDevs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	output, err := makeRuleTargetButton(ruleConfig.Output, vDevs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return mappingrules.NewMappingRuleAxisToButton(base, input, output, ruleConfig.RepeatRateMin, ruleConfig.RepeatRateMax), nil
+}
+
+func makeMappingRuleAxisToRelaxis(ruleConfig RuleConfig,
+	pDevs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice,
+	vDevs map[string]*evdev.InputDevice,
+	base mappingrules.MappingRuleBase) (*mappingrules.MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis, error) {
+
+	input, err := makeRuleTargetAxis(ruleConfig.Input, pDevs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	output, err := makeRuleTargetRelaxis(ruleConfig.Output, vDevs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return mappingrules.NewMappingRuleAxisToRelaxis(base,
+		input, output,
+		ruleConfig.RepeatRateMin,
+		ruleConfig.RepeatRateMax,
+		ruleConfig.Increment), nil
 }
 
 func makeMappingRuleModeSelect(ruleConfig RuleConfig,

internal/config/schema.go

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 // These types comprise the YAML schema for configuring Joyful.
 // The config files will be combined and then unmarshalled into this
+//
+// TODO: currently the types in here aren't especially strong; each one is
+// decomposed into a different object based on the Type fields. We should implement
+// some sort of delayed unmarshalling technique, for example see ideas at
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70635636/unmarshaling-yaml-into-different-struct-based-off-yaml-field
+// Then we can be more explicit about the interface here.
 
 package config
 
@@ -16,6 +22,7 @@ type DeviceConfig struct {
 	Uuid         string   `yaml:"uuid,omitempty"`
 	Buttons      int      `yaml:"buttons,omitempty"`
 	Axes         int      `yaml:"axes,omitempty"`
+	RelativeAxes []string `yaml:"rel_axes,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type RuleConfig struct {
@@ -25,14 +32,17 @@ type RuleConfig struct {
 	Inputs        []RuleTargetConfig `yaml:"inputs,omitempty"`
 	Output        RuleTargetConfig   `yaml:"output"`
 	Modes         []string           `yaml:"modes,omitempty"`
+	RepeatRateMin int                `yaml:"repeat_rate_min,omitempty"`
+	RepeatRateMax int                `yaml:"repeat_rate_max,omitempty"`
+	Increment     int                `yaml:"increment,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type RuleTargetConfig struct {
 	Device        string   `yaml:"device,omitempty"`
 	Button        string   `yaml:"button,omitempty"`
 	Axis          string   `yaml:"axis,omitempty"`
-	DeadzoneStart int32    `yaml:"axis_start,omitempty"`
-	DeadzoneEnd   int32    `yaml:"axis_end,omitempty"`
+	DeadzoneStart int32    `yaml:"deadzone_start,omitempty"`
+	DeadzoneEnd   int32    `yaml:"deadzone_end,omitempty"`
 	Inverted      bool     `yaml:"inverted,omitempty"`
 	Modes         []string `yaml:"modes,omitempty"`
 }

internal/config/variables.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ const (
 	RuleTypeAxis          = "axis"
 	RuleTypeModeSelect    = "mode-select"
 	RuleTypeAxisToButton  = "axis-to-button"
+	RuleTypeAxisToRelaxis = "axis-to-relaxis"
 )
 
 var (

internal/mappingrules/interfaces.go

@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
 package mappingrules
 
-import "github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+)
 
 type MappingRule interface {
-	MatchEvent(*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent, *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent)
+	MatchEvent(RuleTargetDevice, *evdev.InputEvent, *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent)
+}
+
+type TimedEventEmitter interface {
+	TimerEvent() *evdev.InputEvent
+	GetOutputDevice() *evdev.InputDevice
 }
 
 // RuleTargets represent either a device input to match on, or an output to produce.
@@ -25,4 +34,19 @@ type RuleTarget interface {
 	// Typically int32 is the input event's normalized value. *string is the current mode, but is optional
 	// for most implementations.
 	CreateEvent(int32, *string) *evdev.InputEvent
+
+	MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool
 }
+
+// RuleTargetDevice is an interface abstraction on top of evdev.InputDevice, implementing
+// only the methods we need in this package. This is used for testing, and the
+// RuleTargetDevice can be safely cast to an *evdev.InputDevice when necessary.
+type RuleTargetDevice interface {
+	AbsInfos() (map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo, error)
+}
+
+const (
+	AxisValueMin = int32(-32768)
+	AxisValueMax = int32(32767)
+	NoNextEvent  = time.Duration(-1)
+)

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_axis.go

@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@ func NewMappingRuleAxis(base MappingRuleBase, input *RuleTargetAxis, output *Rul
 	}
 }
 
-func (rule *MappingRuleAxis) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxis) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
 	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) ||
 		!rule.Input.MatchEvent(device, event) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	return rule.Output.Device, rule.Output.CreateEvent(rule.Input.NormalizeValue(event.Value), mode)
+	// The cast here is safe because the interface is only ever different for unit tests
+	return rule.Output.Device.(*evdev.InputDevice), rule.Output.CreateEvent(rule.Input.NormalizeValue(event.Value), mode)
 }

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_axis_to_button.go

@@ -4,48 +4,106 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+	"github.com/jonboulle/clockwork"
 )
 
-// TODO: This whole file is still WIP
+// MappingRuleAxisToButton represents a rule that converts an axis input into a (potentially repeating)
+// button output.
 type MappingRuleAxisToButton struct {
 	MappingRuleBase
 	Input         *RuleTargetAxis
 	Output        *RuleTargetButton
-	RepeatSpeedMin int32
-	RepeatSpeedMax int32
-	lastValue      int32
+	RepeatRateMin int
+	RepeatRateMax int
+	nextEvent     time.Duration
 	lastEvent     time.Time
+	repeat        bool
+	pressed       bool // "pressed" indicates that we've sent the output button signal, but still need to send the button release
+	active        bool // "active" is true whenever the input is not in a deadzone
+	clock         clockwork.Clock
 }
 
-func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToButton) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+func NewMappingRuleAxisToButton(base MappingRuleBase, input *RuleTargetAxis, output *RuleTargetButton, repeatRateMin, repeatRateMax int) *MappingRuleAxisToButton {
+	return &MappingRuleAxisToButton{
+		MappingRuleBase: base,
+		Input:           input,
+		Output:          output,
+		RepeatRateMin:   repeatRateMin,
+		RepeatRateMax:   repeatRateMax,
+		lastEvent:       time.Now(),
+		nextEvent:       NoNextEvent,
+		repeat:          repeatRateMin != 0 && repeatRateMax != 0,
+		pressed:         false,
+		active:          false,
+		clock:           clockwork.NewRealClock(),
+	}
+}
+
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToButton) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+
 	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) ||
-		!rule.Input.MatchEvent(device, event) {
+		!rule.Input.MatchEventDeviceAndCode(device, event) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	// set the last value to the normalized input value
-	rule.lastValue = rule.Input.NormalizeValue(event.Value)
+	// If we're inside the deadzone, unset the next event
+	if rule.Input.InDeadZone(event.Value) {
+		rule.nextEvent = NoNextEvent
+		rule.active = false
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// If we aren't repeating, we trigger the event immediately
+	// We also only set this if active == false, so that only one
+	// event can be emitted per "active" period
+	if !rule.repeat && !rule.active {
+		rule.nextEvent = 0
+		rule.active = true
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// use the axis value and the repeat rate to set a target time until the next event
+	strength := 1.0 - rule.Input.GetAxisStrength(event.Value)
+	rate := int64(LerpInt(rule.RepeatRateMax, rule.RepeatRateMin, strength))
+	rule.nextEvent = time.Duration(rate * int64(time.Millisecond))
+	rule.active = true
+
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
 // TimerEvent returns an event when enough time has passed (compared to the last recorded axis value)
 // to emit an event.
 func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToButton) TimerEvent() *evdev.InputEvent {
-	// This is tighter coupling than we'd like, but it will do for now.
-	// TODO: maybe it would be better to just be more declarative about event types and their inputs and outputs.
-	if rule.lastValue < rule.Input.DeadzoneStart {
-		rule.lastEvent = time.Now()
+	// If we pressed the button last tick, release it before doing anything else
+	if rule.pressed {
+		rule.pressed = false
+		return rule.Output.CreateEvent(0, nil)
+	}
+
+	// If we should not emit another event,
+	// we just update lastEvent for station keeping
+	if rule.nextEvent == NoNextEvent {
+		rule.lastEvent = rule.clock.Now()
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// calculate target time until next event press
-	//	nextEvent := rule.LastEvent + (rule.LastValue)
+	if rule.clock.Now().Compare(rule.lastEvent.Add(rule.nextEvent)) > -1 {
+		rule.lastEvent = rule.clock.Now()
+		rule.pressed = true
 
-	// TODO: figure out what the condition should be
-	if false {
-		// TODO: emit event
-		rule.lastEvent = time.Now()
+		// The default case here is to leave nextEvent at whatever
+		// it has been set to by MatchEvent. Since nextEvent is a delta,
+		// this will naturally cause the repeat to happen
+		if !rule.repeat {
+			rule.nextEvent = NoNextEvent
+		}
+
+		return rule.Output.CreateEvent(1, nil)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToButton) GetOutputDevice() *evdev.InputDevice {
+	return rule.Output.Device
+}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_axis_to_button_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+	"github.com/jonboulle/clockwork"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
+)
+
+type MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests struct {
+	suite.Suite
+	inputDevice  *InputDeviceMock
+	inputRule    *RuleTargetAxis
+	outputDevice *evdev.InputDevice
+	outputRule   *RuleTargetButton
+	mode         *string
+	base         MappingRuleBase
+}
+
+func (t *MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests) SetupTest() {
+	mode := "*"
+	t.mode = &mode
+	t.inputDevice = new(InputDeviceMock)
+	t.inputDevice.On("AbsInfos").Return(map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo{
+		evdev.ABS_X: {
+			Minimum: 0,
+			Maximum: 10000,
+		},
+	}, nil)
+	t.inputRule, _ = NewRuleTargetAxis("test-input", t.inputDevice, evdev.ABS_X, false, int32(0), int32(1000))
+
+	t.outputDevice = &evdev.InputDevice{}
+	t.outputRule, _ = NewRuleTargetButton("test-output", t.outputDevice, evdev.ABS_X, false)
+	t.base = NewMappingRuleBase("", []string{"*"})
+}
+
+func (t *MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests) TestMatchEvent() {
+
+	// A valid input should set a nextevent
+	t.Run("No Repeat", func() {
+		testRule := NewMappingRuleAxisToButton(t.base, t.inputRule, t.outputRule, 0, 0)
+
+		t.Run("Valid Input", func() {
+			testRule.MatchEvent(t.inputDevice, &evdev.InputEvent{
+				Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+				Code:  evdev.ABS_X,
+				Value: 1001,
+			}, t.mode)
+			t.NotEqual(NoNextEvent, testRule.nextEvent)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("Deadzone Input", func() {
+			testRule.MatchEvent(t.inputDevice, &evdev.InputEvent{
+				Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+				Code:  evdev.ABS_X,
+				Value: 500,
+			}, t.mode)
+			t.Equal(NoNextEvent, testRule.nextEvent)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Repeat", func() {
+		testRule := NewMappingRuleAxisToButton(t.base, t.inputRule, t.outputRule, 750, 250)
+		testRule.MatchEvent(t.inputDevice, &evdev.InputEvent{
+			Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+			Code:  evdev.ABS_X,
+			Value: 10000,
+		}, t.mode)
+		t.Equal(time.Duration(250*time.Millisecond), testRule.nextEvent)
+
+		testRule.MatchEvent(t.inputDevice, &evdev.InputEvent{
+			Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+			Code:  evdev.ABS_X,
+			Value: 1001,
+		}, t.mode)
+		t.True(testRule.nextEvent > time.Duration(700*time.Millisecond))
+
+		testRule.MatchEvent(t.inputDevice, &evdev.InputEvent{
+			Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+			Code:  evdev.ABS_X,
+			Value: 5500,
+		}, t.mode)
+		t.Equal(time.Duration(500*time.Millisecond), testRule.nextEvent)
+	})
+}
+
+func (t *MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests) TestTimerEvent() {
+	t.Run("No Repeat", func() {
+		// Get event if called immediately
+		t.Run("Event is available immediately", func() {
+			testRule, _ := buildTimerRule(t, 0, 0, 0)
+
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			t.EqualValues(1, event.Value)
+			t.Equal(true, testRule.pressed)
+		})
+
+		// Off event on second call
+		t.Run("Event emits off on second call", func() {
+			testRule, _ := buildTimerRule(t, 0, 0, 0)
+
+			testRule.TimerEvent()
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			t.EqualValues(0, event.Value)
+			t.Equal(false, testRule.pressed)
+		})
+
+		// No further event, even if we wait a while
+		t.Run("Additional events are not emitted while still active.", func() {
+			testRule, mockClock := buildTimerRule(t, 0, 0, 0)
+
+			testRule.TimerEvent()
+			testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			mockClock.Advance(10 * time.Millisecond)
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+			t.Nil(event)
+			t.Equal(false, testRule.pressed)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Repeat", func() {
+		t.Run("No event if called immediately", func() {
+			testRule, _ := buildTimerRule(t, 100, 10, 50*time.Millisecond)
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+			t.Nil(event)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("No event after 49ms", func() {
+			testRule, mockClock := buildTimerRule(t, 100, 10, 50*time.Millisecond)
+			mockClock.Advance(49 * time.Millisecond)
+
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			t.Nil(event)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("Event after 50ms", func() {
+			testRule, mockClock := buildTimerRule(t, 100, 10, 50*time.Millisecond)
+			mockClock.Advance(50 * time.Millisecond)
+
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			t.EqualValues(1, event.Value)
+			t.Equal(true, testRule.pressed)
+		})
+
+		t.Run("Additional event at 100ms", func() {
+			testRule, mockClock := buildTimerRule(t, 100, 10, 50*time.Millisecond)
+
+			mockClock.Advance(50 * time.Millisecond)
+			testRule.TimerEvent()
+			testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			mockClock.Advance(50 * time.Millisecond)
+			event := testRule.TimerEvent()
+
+			t.NotNil(event)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRunnerMappingRuleAxisToButtonTests(t *testing.T) {
+	suite.Run(t, new(MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests))
+}
+
+// buildTimerRule creates a MappingRuleAxisToButton with a mocked clock
+func buildTimerRule(t *MappingRuleAxisToButtonTests,
+	repeatMin,
+	repeatMax int,
+	nextEvent time.Duration) (*MappingRuleAxisToButton, *clockwork.FakeClock) {
+
+	mockClock := clockwork.NewFakeClock()
+	testRule := NewMappingRuleAxisToButton(t.base, t.inputRule, t.outputRule, repeatMin, repeatMax)
+	testRule.clock = mockClock
+	testRule.lastEvent = testRule.clock.Now()
+	testRule.nextEvent = nextEvent
+	if nextEvent != NoNextEvent {
+		testRule.active = true
+	}
+	return testRule, mockClock
+}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_axis_to_relaxis.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"git.annabunches.net/annabunches/joyful/internal/logger"
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+	"github.com/jonboulle/clockwork"
+)
+
+// TODO: add tests
+
+// MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis represents a rule that converts an axis input into a (potentially repeating)
+// relative axis output. This is most commonly used to generate mouse output events
+type MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis struct {
+	MappingRuleBase
+	Input         *RuleTargetAxis
+	Output        *RuleTargetRelaxis
+	RepeatRateMin int
+	RepeatRateMax int
+	Increment     int32
+	nextEvent     time.Duration
+	lastEvent     time.Time
+	clock         clockwork.Clock
+}
+
+func NewMappingRuleAxisToRelaxis(
+	base MappingRuleBase,
+	input *RuleTargetAxis,
+	output *RuleTargetRelaxis,
+	repeatRateMin, repeatRateMax, increment int) *MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis {
+
+	return &MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis{
+		MappingRuleBase: base,
+		Input:           input,
+		Output:          output,
+		RepeatRateMin:   repeatRateMin,
+		RepeatRateMax:   repeatRateMax,
+		Increment:       int32(increment),
+		lastEvent:       time.Now(),
+		nextEvent:       NoNextEvent,
+		clock:           clockwork.NewRealClock(),
+	}
+}
+
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis) MatchEvent(
+	device RuleTargetDevice,
+	event *evdev.InputEvent,
+	mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+
+	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) ||
+		!rule.Input.MatchEventDeviceAndCode(device, event) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		logger.Logf("DEBUG: Rule '%s' nextEvent == '%v' with device value '%d'", rule.Name, rule.nextEvent, event.Value)
+	}()
+
+	// If we're inside the deadzone, unset the next event
+	if rule.Input.InDeadZone(event.Value) {
+		rule.nextEvent = NoNextEvent
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// If we aren't repeating, we trigger the event immediately
+	// TODO: this still needs the pressed parameter...
+	if rule.RepeatRateMin == 0 || rule.RepeatRateMax == 0 {
+		rule.nextEvent = time.Millisecond
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// use the axis value and the repeat rate to set a target time until the next event
+	strength := 1.0 - rule.Input.GetAxisStrength(event.Value)
+	rate := int64(LerpInt(rule.RepeatRateMax, rule.RepeatRateMin, strength))
+	rule.nextEvent = time.Duration(rate * int64(time.Millisecond))
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+// TimerEvent returns an event when enough time has passed (compared to the last recorded axis value)
+// to emit an event.
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis) TimerEvent() *evdev.InputEvent {
+	// This indicates that we should not emit another event
+	if rule.nextEvent == NoNextEvent {
+		rule.lastEvent = rule.clock.Now()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if rule.clock.Now().Compare(rule.lastEvent.Add(rule.nextEvent)) > -1 {
+		rule.lastEvent = rule.clock.Now()
+		return rule.Output.CreateEvent(rule.Increment, nil)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (rule *MappingRuleAxisToRelaxis) GetOutputDevice() *evdev.InputDevice {
+	return rule.Output.Device.(*evdev.InputDevice)
+}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_button.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func NewMappingRuleButton(
 	}
 }
 
-func (rule *MappingRuleButton) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+func (rule *MappingRuleButton) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
 	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_button_combo.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func NewMappingRuleButtonCombo(
 	}
 }
 
-func (rule *MappingRuleButtonCombo) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+func (rule *MappingRuleButtonCombo) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
 	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_button_latched.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func NewMappingRuleButtonLatched(
 	}
 }
 
-func (rule *MappingRuleButtonLatched) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
+func (rule *MappingRuleButtonLatched) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent, mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
 	if !rule.MappingRuleBase.modeCheck(mode) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_button_test.go

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ type MappingRuleButtonTests struct {
 	wrongInputDevice *evdev.InputDevice
 	outputDevice     *evdev.InputDevice
 	mode             *string
-	sampleRule       *MappingRuleButton
-	invertedRule     *MappingRuleButton
+	base             MappingRuleBase
 }
 
 func (t *MappingRuleButtonTests) SetupTest() {
@@ -23,72 +22,64 @@ func (t *MappingRuleButtonTests) SetupTest() {
 	t.outputDevice = &evdev.InputDevice{}
 	mode := "*"
 	t.mode = &mode
-
-	// TODO: implement a constructor function...
-	t.sampleRule = &MappingRuleButton{
-		MappingRuleBase: MappingRuleBase{
-			Modes: []string{"*"},
-		},
-		Input:  NewRuleTargetButton("", t.inputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false),
-		Output: NewRuleTargetButton("", t.outputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false),
-	}
-
-	t.invertedRule = &MappingRuleButton{
-		MappingRuleBase: MappingRuleBase{
-			Modes: []string{"*"},
-		},
-		Output: NewRuleTargetButton("", t.outputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false),
-		Input:  NewRuleTargetButton("", t.inputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, true),
-	}
+	t.base = NewMappingRuleBase("", []string{})
 }
 
 func (t *MappingRuleButtonTests) TestMatchEvent() {
+	inputButton, _ := NewRuleTargetButton("", t.inputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false)
+	outputButton, _ := NewRuleTargetButton("", t.outputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false)
+	testRule := NewMappingRuleButton(t.base, inputButton, outputButton)
+
 	// A matching input event should produce an output event
-	correctOutput := &evdev.InputEvent{
+	expected := &evdev.InputEvent{
 		Type:  evdev.EV_KEY,
 		Code:  evdev.BTN_TRIGGER,
 		Value: 1,
 	}
 
-	_, event := t.sampleRule.MatchEvent(
+	_, event := testRule.MatchEvent(
 		t.inputDevice,
 		&evdev.InputEvent{Code: evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, Value: 1}, t.mode)
-	t.EqualValues(correctOutput, event)
+	t.EqualValues(expected, event)
 
 	// An input event from the wrong device should produce a nil event
-	_, event = t.sampleRule.MatchEvent(
+	_, event = testRule.MatchEvent(
 		t.wrongInputDevice,
 		&evdev.InputEvent{Code: evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, Value: 1}, t.mode)
 	t.Nil(event)
 
 	// An input event from the wrong button should produce a nil event
-	_, event = t.sampleRule.MatchEvent(
+	_, event = testRule.MatchEvent(
 		t.inputDevice,
 		&evdev.InputEvent{Code: evdev.BTN_TOP, Value: 1}, t.mode)
 	t.Nil(event)
 }
 
 func (t *MappingRuleButtonTests) TestMatchEventInverted() {
+	inputButton, _ := NewRuleTargetButton("", t.inputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, true)
+	outputButton, _ := NewRuleTargetButton("", t.outputDevice, evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, false)
+	testRule := NewMappingRuleButton(t.base, inputButton, outputButton)
+
 	// A matching input event should produce an output event
-	correctOutput := &evdev.InputEvent{
+	expected := &evdev.InputEvent{
 		Type: evdev.EV_KEY,
 		Code: evdev.BTN_TRIGGER,
 	}
 
 	// Should get the opposite value out that we send in
-	correctOutput.Value = 0
-	_, event := t.invertedRule.MatchEvent(
+	expected.Value = 0
+	_, event := testRule.MatchEvent(
 		t.inputDevice,
 		&evdev.InputEvent{Code: evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, Value: 1}, t.mode)
-	t.EqualValues(correctOutput, event)
+	t.EqualValues(expected, event)
 
-	correctOutput.Value = 1
-	_, event = t.invertedRule.MatchEvent(
+	expected.Value = 1
+	_, event = testRule.MatchEvent(
 		t.inputDevice,
 		&evdev.InputEvent{Code: evdev.BTN_TRIGGER, Value: 0}, t.mode)
-	t.EqualValues(correctOutput, event)
+	t.EqualValues(expected, event)
 }
 
-func TestRunnerMatching(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRunnerMappingRuleButtonTests(t *testing.T) {
 	suite.Run(t, new(MappingRuleButtonTests))
 }

internal/mappingrules/mapping_rule_mode_select.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func NewMappingRuleModeSelect(
 }
 
 func (rule *MappingRuleModeSelect) MatchEvent(
-	device *evdev.InputDevice,
+	device RuleTargetDevice,
 	event *evdev.InputEvent,
 	mode *string) (*evdev.InputDevice, *evdev.InputEvent) {
 

internal/mappingrules/math.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"golang.org/x/exp/constraints"
+)
+
+type Numeric interface {
+	constraints.Integer | constraints.Float
+}
+
+func Abs[T Numeric](value T) T {
+	return max(value, -value)
+}
+
+// LerpInt linearly interpolates between two integer values using
+// a float64 index value
+func LerpInt[T constraints.Integer](min, max T, t float64) T {
+	t = Clamp(t, 0.0, 1.0)
+	return T((1-t)*float64(min) + t*float64(max))
+}
+
+func Clamp[T Numeric](value, min, max T) T {
+	if value < min {
+		value = min
+	}
+	if value > max {
+		value = max
+	}
+	return value
+}

internal/mappingrules/rule_target_axis.go

@@ -1,66 +1,87 @@
 package mappingrules
 
 import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
 	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
 )
 
 type RuleTargetAxis struct {
 	DeviceName    string
-	Device        *evdev.InputDevice
+	Device        RuleTargetDevice
 	Axis          evdev.EvCode
 	Inverted      bool
 	DeadzoneStart int32
 	DeadzoneEnd   int32
-	Sensitivity   float64
+	axisSize      int32
+	deadzoneSize  int32
 }
 
 func NewRuleTargetAxis(device_name string,
-	device *evdev.InputDevice,
+	device RuleTargetDevice,
 	axis evdev.EvCode,
 	inverted bool,
-	deadzone_start int32,
-	deadzone_end int32,
-	sensitivity float64) *RuleTargetAxis {
+	deadzoneStart int32,
+	deadzoneEnd int32) (*RuleTargetAxis, error) {
+
+	info, err := device.AbsInfos()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		// If we can't get AbsInfo (for example, we're a virtual device)
+		// we set the bounds to the maximum allowable
+		info = map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo{
+			axis: {
+				Minimum: AxisValueMin,
+				Maximum: AxisValueMax,
+			},
+		}
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := info[axis]; !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("device does not support axis %v", axis)
+	}
+
+	if deadzoneStart > deadzoneEnd {
+		return nil, errors.New("deadzone_end must be a higher value than deadzone_start")
+	}
+
+	deadzoneSize := Abs(deadzoneEnd - deadzoneStart)
+
+	// Our output range is limited to 16 bits, but we represent values internally with 32 bits.
+	// As a result, we shouldn't need to worry about integer overruns
+	axisSize := info[axis].Maximum - info[axis].Minimum - deadzoneSize
+
+	if axisSize == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.New("axis has size 0")
+	}
 
 	return &RuleTargetAxis{
 		DeviceName:    device_name,
 		Device:        device,
 		Axis:          axis,
 		Inverted:      inverted,
-		DeadzoneStart: deadzone_start,
-		DeadzoneEnd:   deadzone_end,
-		Sensitivity:   sensitivity,
-	}
+		DeadzoneStart: deadzoneStart,
+		DeadzoneEnd:   deadzoneEnd,
+		deadzoneSize:  deadzoneSize,
+		axisSize:      axisSize,
+	}, nil
 }
 
-// TODO: lots of fixes and decisions to make here. Should we normalize all axes to the same range?
-// How do we handle deadzones in light of that?
+// NormalizeValue takes a raw input value and converts it to a value suitable for output.
+//
+// Axis inputs are normalized to the full signed int32 range to match the virtual device's axis
+// characteristics.
+//
+// Typically this function is called after RuleTargetAxis.MatchEvent, which checks whether we are
+// in the deadzone, among other things.
 func (target *RuleTargetAxis) NormalizeValue(value int32) int32 {
-	if !target.Inverted {
-		return value
-	}
-
-	axisRange := target.DeadzoneEnd - target.DeadzoneStart
-	axisMid := target.DeadzoneEnd - axisRange/2
-	delta := value - axisMid
-	if delta < 0 {
-		delta = -delta
-	}
-
-	if value < axisMid {
-		return axisMid + delta
-	} else if value > axisMid {
-		return axisMid - delta
-	}
-
-	// If we reach here, we're either exactly at the midpoint or something
-	// strange has happened. Either way, just return the value.
-	return value
+	axisStrength := target.GetAxisStrength(value)
+	return LerpInt(AxisValueMin, AxisValueMax, axisStrength)
 }
 
 func (target *RuleTargetAxis) CreateEvent(value int32, mode *string) *evdev.InputEvent {
-	// TODO: we can use the axis begin/end to decide whether to emit the event
-	// TODO: oh no we need center deadzones actually...
+	value = Clamp(value, AxisValueMin, AxisValueMax)
 	return &evdev.InputEvent{
 		Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
 		Code:  target.Axis,
@@ -68,8 +89,33 @@ func (target *RuleTargetAxis) CreateEvent(value int32, mode *string) *evdev.Inpu
 	}
 }
 
-func (target *RuleTargetAxis) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
+func (target *RuleTargetAxis) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
+	return target.MatchEventDeviceAndCode(device, event) &&
+		!target.InDeadZone(event.Value)
+}
+
+// TODO: Add tests
+func (target *RuleTargetAxis) MatchEventDeviceAndCode(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
 	return device == target.Device &&
 		event.Type == evdev.EV_ABS &&
 		event.Code == target.Axis
 }
+
+// TODO: Add tests
+func (target *RuleTargetAxis) InDeadZone(value int32) bool {
+	return value >= target.DeadzoneStart && value <= target.DeadzoneEnd
+}
+
+// GetAxisStrength returns a float between 0.0 and 1.0, representing the proportional
+// position along the axis' full range. (after factoring in deadzones)
+// Calling this function with `value` inside the deadzone range will produce undefined behavior
+func (target *RuleTargetAxis) GetAxisStrength(value int32) float64 {
+	if value > target.DeadzoneEnd {
+		value -= target.deadzoneSize
+	}
+	strength := float64(value) / float64(target.axisSize)
+	if target.Inverted {
+		strength = 1.0 - strength
+	}
+	return strength
+}

internal/mappingrules/rule_target_axis_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
+)
+
+type RuleTargetAxisTests struct {
+	suite.Suite
+	mock *InputDeviceMock
+	call *mock.Call
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) SetupTest() {
+	t.mock = new(InputDeviceMock)
+	t.call = t.mock.On("AbsInfos").Return(map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo{
+		evdev.ABS_X: {
+			Minimum: 0,
+			Maximum: 10000,
+		},
+		evdev.ABS_Y: {
+			Minimum: -10000,
+			Maximum: 10000,
+		},
+	}, nil)
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TearDownTest() {
+	t.call.Unset()
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TestNewRuleTargetAxis() {
+	// RuleTargets should get created
+	ruleTarget, err := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+	t.Nil(err)
+	t.EqualValues(10000, ruleTarget.axisSize)
+
+	ruleTarget, err = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_Y, false, 0, 0)
+	t.Nil(err)
+	t.EqualValues(20000, ruleTarget.axisSize)
+
+	// Creating a rule with a deadzone should work and reduce the axisSize
+	ruleTarget, err = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_Y, false, -500, 500)
+	t.Nil(err)
+	t.EqualValues(19000, ruleTarget.axisSize)
+	t.EqualValues(-500, ruleTarget.DeadzoneStart)
+	t.EqualValues(500, ruleTarget.DeadzoneEnd)
+
+	// Creating a rule with a deadzone should fail if end > start
+	_, err = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_Y, false, 500, -500)
+	t.NotNil(err)
+
+	// Creating a rule on a non-existent axis should err
+	_, err = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_Z, false, 0, 0)
+	t.NotNil(err)
+
+	// If Absinfo has an error, we should create a device with permissive bounds
+	t.call.Unset()
+	t.mock.On("AbsInfos").Return(map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo{}, errors.New("Test Error"))
+	ruleTarget, err = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+	t.Nil(err)
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMax-AxisValueMin, ruleTarget.axisSize)
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TestNormalizeValue() {
+	// Basic normalization should work
+	ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMax, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(10000)))
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMin, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(0)))
+	t.EqualValues(0, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(5000)))
+
+	// Normalization with a deadzone should work
+	ruleTarget, _ = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 5000)
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMax, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(10000)))
+	t.True(ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(5001)) < int32(-31000))
+	t.EqualValues(0, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(7500)))
+
+	// Normalization on an inverted axis should work
+	ruleTarget, _ = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, true, 0, 0)
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMax, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(0)))
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMin, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(10000)))
+
+	// Normalization past the stated axis bounds should clamp
+	ruleTarget, _ = NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMin, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(-30000)))
+	t.Equal(AxisValueMax, ruleTarget.NormalizeValue(int32(30000)))
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TestMatchEvent() {
+	ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_Y, false, -500, 500)
+	validEvent := &evdev.InputEvent{
+		Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+		Code:  evdev.ABS_Y,
+		Value: 800,
+	}
+	deadzoneEvent := &evdev.InputEvent{
+		Type:  evdev.EV_ABS,
+		Code:  evdev.ABS_Y,
+		Value: 200,
+	}
+
+	// An event on the correct device and axis should match
+	t.True(ruleTarget.MatchEvent(t.mock, validEvent))
+
+	// A value on the wrong device should not match
+	t.False(ruleTarget.MatchEvent(&evdev.InputDevice{}, validEvent))
+
+	// A value in the deadzone should not match
+	t.False(ruleTarget.MatchEvent(t.mock, deadzoneEvent))
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TestCreateEvent() {
+	ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+	expected := &evdev.InputEvent{
+		Type: evdev.EV_ABS,
+		Code: evdev.ABS_X,
+	}
+
+	// Basic event creation
+	testValue := int32(3928) // Arbitrarily chosen test value
+	expected.Value = testValue
+	t.EqualValues(expected, ruleTarget.CreateEvent(testValue, nil))
+
+	// Validate axis clamping
+	testValue = int32(64000)
+	expected.Value = AxisValueMax
+	t.EqualValues(expected, ruleTarget.CreateEvent(testValue, nil))
+
+	testValue = int32(-64000)
+	expected.Value = AxisValueMin
+	t.EqualValues(expected, ruleTarget.CreateEvent(testValue, nil))
+}
+
+func (t *RuleTargetAxisTests) TestGetAxisStrength() {
+	t.Run("With no deadzone", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 0)
+		t.Equal(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(0))
+		t.Equal(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(10000))
+		t.Equal(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(5000))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("With low deadzone", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 0, 5000)
+		t.InDelta(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(5001), 0.01)
+		t.InDelta(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(7500), 0.01)
+		t.Equal(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(10000))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("With high deadzone", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, false, 5000, 10000)
+		t.Equal(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(0))
+		t.InDelta(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(2500), 0.01)
+		t.InDelta(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(4999), 0.01)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Inverted", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, true, 0, 0)
+		t.Equal(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(0))
+		t.Equal(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(5000))
+		t.Equal(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(10000))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Inverted with low deadzone", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, true, 0, 5000)
+		t.InDelta(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(5001), 0.01)
+		t.InDelta(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(7500), 0.01)
+		t.Equal(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(10000))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Inverted with high deadzone", func() {
+		ruleTarget, _ := NewRuleTargetAxis("", t.mock, evdev.ABS_X, true, 5000, 10000)
+		t.InDelta(0.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(4999), 0.01)
+		t.InDelta(0.5, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(2500), 0.01)
+		t.Equal(1.0, ruleTarget.GetAxisStrength(0))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRunnerRuleTargetAxisTests(t *testing.T) {
+	suite.Run(t, new(RuleTargetAxisTests))
+}

internal/mappingrules/rule_target_button.go

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ type RuleTargetButton struct {
 	Inverted   bool
 }
 
-func NewRuleTargetButton(device_name string, device *evdev.InputDevice, code evdev.EvCode, inverted bool) *RuleTargetButton {
+func NewRuleTargetButton(device_name string, device *evdev.InputDevice, code evdev.EvCode, inverted bool) (*RuleTargetButton, error) {
 	return &RuleTargetButton{
 		DeviceName: device_name,
 		Device:     device,
 		Button:     code,
 		Inverted:   inverted,
-	}
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func (target *RuleTargetButton) NormalizeValue(value int32) int32 {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func (target *RuleTargetButton) CreateEvent(value int32, _ *string) *evdev.Input
 	}
 }
 
-func (target *RuleTargetButton) MatchEvent(device *evdev.InputDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
+func (target *RuleTargetButton) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
 	return device == target.Device &&
 		event.Type == evdev.EV_KEY &&
 		event.Code == target.Button

internal/mappingrules/rule_target_relaxis.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+)
+
+type RuleTargetRelaxis struct {
+	DeviceName string
+	Device     RuleTargetDevice
+	Axis       evdev.EvCode
+	Inverted   bool
+}
+
+func NewRuleTargetRelaxis(device_name string,
+	device RuleTargetDevice,
+	axis evdev.EvCode,
+	inverted bool) (*RuleTargetRelaxis, error) {
+
+	return &RuleTargetRelaxis{
+		DeviceName: device_name,
+		Device:     device,
+		Axis:       axis,
+		Inverted:   inverted,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// NormalizeValue takes a raw input value and converts it to a value suitable for output.
+//
+// Relative axes are currently only supported for output.
+// TODO: make this have an error return?
+func (target *RuleTargetRelaxis) NormalizeValue(value int32) int32 {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (target *RuleTargetRelaxis) CreateEvent(value int32, mode *string) *evdev.InputEvent {
+	return &evdev.InputEvent{
+		Type:  evdev.EV_REL,
+		Code:  target.Axis,
+		Value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+// Relative axis is only supported for output.
+func (target *RuleTargetRelaxis) MatchEvent(device RuleTargetDevice, event *evdev.InputEvent) bool {
+	return false
+}

internal/mappingrules/test_mocks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package mappingrules
+
+import (
+	"github.com/holoplot/go-evdev"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
+)
+
+type InputDeviceMock struct {
+	mock.Mock
+}
+
+func (m *InputDeviceMock) AbsInfos() (map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo, error) {
+	args := m.Called()
+	return args.Get(0).(map[evdev.EvCode]evdev.AbsInfo), args.Error(1)
+}